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Monday, July 5, 2010
The Ford Start Concept was inspired by the world's fast-growing mega cities and the unique needs and mindset of their inhabitants. With heavy traffic, limited parking and fuel efficiency being key concerns among urban drivers, the Ford Start concept provides a vision into a future sporty, small-car package that meets a multitude of primary driving objectives, particularly among first-time buyers.
The Ford Start concept is more than a design exploration into the feasibility of a future small car, however. That's because it previews the smallest engine yet in the growing Ford EcoBoost engine family.
The powerful new Ford EcoBoost 1.0-litre three-cylinder petrol engine is engineered to bring the EcoBoost promise for fuel efficiency to small cars with compact engine compartments. This very real technology will come into production in the near future to deliver CO2 emissions of less than 100 g/km but power and drivability comparable to larger petrol I4 powerplants.
The Ford Start Concept also has adopted smart phone technology to perform a multitude of in-car functions. This aspirational design concept uses lightweight material and efficient aerodynamics.
Wednesday, July 22, 2009
The new Diesel Bi-Turbo continues the Alpina BMW D3 success story begun in 2006 by the popular 200 HP (147 kW) Alpina sport-diesel model, with over 850 units sold since its inception. It is a most passable answer to the low emissions and consumption discussions of current times, and dovetails perfectly with of out-of-hand fuel prices.
The designation "D" unmistakably indicates the diesel powerplants in the Alpina family. "D" especially stands for dynamism. The new D3 Bi-Turbo, celebrating its world debut at the 2008 GENEVA Salon d'Automobile - with 214 HP/211 bhp (157 kW) @ 4,100 rpm - is an exceptionally powerful and unusually high-revving diesel. Lastly, the "D" on the Alpina BMW D3 Bi-Turbo stands for the German "Drehmoment" or torque, which the D3 has in spades. At 450 Nm (332 lbs-ft) of torque from 2,000 to 2,500 rpm, the 2.0-litre, four-cylinder D3 is operating in V8 engine territory, or amongst large-displacement six-cylinder diesel engines. With the purchase of a D3 Bi-Turbo, an Alpina customer owns an engine transmission combination that is a rare and fine delicacy when measured against its diesel competitors. The elegant manner in which the power is delivered can be further augmented with the optional SWITCH-TRONIC automatic transmission. Developed by ZF and Alpina in partnership, this sport-automatic is operated via three driving modes: D, S and M. Depending on the driver's mood, he or she may let the transmission shift automatically, or shift manually using buttons on the back of the steering wheel. This affords the broadest spectrum of driving fascination.
The D3 Diesel Technology The D3 Bi-Turbo's basis is derived from the BMW 2.0-litre, four-cylinder, turbo-charged diesel engine with a block entirely of aluminium. The highpressure, 2000 bar Bosch-Common Rail system ensures high efficiency by means of utilising Piezo injectors. Two differently-sized exhaust-driven turbo-chargers breathe on the D3 Bi-Turbo. The smaller of the two chargers begins to operate right from tick-over and helps the four-cylinder yield an impressive 400 Nm (295 lbs-ft) of torque at a mere 1,500 rpm. Peak torque of 450 Nm ( 332 lbs-ft) is reached at 2,000 rpm. From about 3,000 rpm onward, the second, larger turbo-charger, is then fully on line and drives the engine to its peak performance of 214 horsepower (211 bhp, 157 kW). Thanks to extensive development work, optimal turbo-charger mapping and the fuel injection system, the new D3 Bi-Turbo allows revs up to 5,200 rpm, where most diesel aggregates today stop at 4,500 rpm. The base engine's configuration, as developed by BMW engineers in Steyr, provides the potential to make the Alpina BMW D3 Bi-Turbo's immensely high specific output of 107 horsepower per litre possible. The Efficient Transfer of Power The standard six-speed manual gearbox allows the driver to not only test the 5,200 rpm redline, but also to enjoy the driving experience in a way previously unknown to a diesel. Coupled with carefully-calibrated gear spacing, the broad useable torque curve makes possible an unusually lightfooted form of forward progress, especially on winding country lanes. At the request of many customers, one can now enjoy the D3 Bi-Turbo with the optional SWITCH-TRONIC.
This classic combination of plenty of torque and an automatic transmission, offers the driver a high degree of flexibility. Using the normal "D" Drive mode, the SWITCH-TRONIC shifts into the next gear most comfortably and almost unnoticed by the driver. "D" mode uses the engine's impressive torque, allowing a driving style that's very economical. In "S" mode, the up-shifts are later in the rev range, and quicker. This provides for the kind of driving characteristics that to date were only to be found in strong petrol engines. The D3 Bi-Turbo only really becomes the perfect "Sport Diesel" though, when the driver shifts manually using the shift buttons on the back of the steering wheel. Lightning-quick shifts are the order of the day - even the best drivers can't shift any quicker than themselves. This reveals itself in impressive performance numbers for both transmissions The manual D3 Coupé reaches 100 km/h [62 mph] in 6.9 seconds (automatic 7.0 sec), with a top speed of 244 km/h [152 mph]. Especially in light of the current CO2 discourse, the Alpina BMW D3 Bi-Turbo Coupe's fuel economy figures for the EU combined cycle of 5,4 (5,6) l/100 km [52.3 Imp. gal (50.4)] and resultant CO2 emissions of only 143 (148) g/km, reveal Alpina's efforts regarding highest fuel efficiency. In addition, all measures to reduce consumption and CO2 emissions used in the base BMW model were carried over into the D3, such as the automatic Start-Stop function on models with manual transmissions. High-mileage drivers and business users appreciate the resulting range: depending on driving style, up to 1,000 km (600 miles) are the norm. Alpina Suspension, Tyres & Wheels The Alpina BMW D3 Bi-Turbo Coupe uses suspension technology quite similar to the Alpina BMW B3 Bi-Turbo, an automobile whose suspension and chassis set-up has received rave reviews from the press. The BMW 3-Series Coupe's high chassis rigidity and five-arm rear suspension provided Alpina great potential for the highest levels of driving dynamics. The strut/spring calibration is fittingly sporty, matching the D3's character. Thanks to the low kerb weight, extraordinarily agile handling has been achieved, exhibiting itself in the form of excellent handling, all the way to the limit. The standard tyres and weight-optimised 18" Alpina CLASSIC light-alloy wheels can be up-graded with an optional 19" wheel/tyre combination, available in either Alpina CLASSIC or DYNAMIC wheel design.
The interplay of 245/40 ZR18 front tyres and 265/40 ZR18 rear tyres, riding on 8x18" front and 9x18" rear wheels, yields outstandingly exact handling. The key is Alpina's choice not to use the heavy Run-Flat tyre technology, for reasons of weight and comfort. In Conclusion Alpina typical interior and exterior design cues demonstrate the Alpin BMW D3 Bi-Turbo Coupe's individuality and elegance. Attractive light-alloy wheels, an instrument cluster with blue dials, and a leather sports steering wheel with Alpina emblem and multi-functionality (automatic tranmission) are standard on the D3 Bi-Turbo. The front spoiler minimises lift and underscores the Coupé's aesthetic lines, which can be augmented further with an optional rear spoiler. Initially offered as a Coupé, the D3 will also be available as a Saloon and Touring in Autumn 2008. With the advent of the new-generation D3, Alpina furthers the previous model's success.
Sunday, July 19, 2009
Introduced in 1974 as Alfa Romeo Alfetta GT, initially available only with the 1.8 litre (1779cc) version of the Alfa DOHC four. For 1976, with the final phasing out of the earlier 105 Series 1.3 and 1.6 litre coupes (GT 1300 Junior and GT 1600 Junior) and the 2.0 litre 105 series 2000 GTV, the Alfetta GT became a range, also available with the 1.6 litre (1570cc) and 2.0 litre (1962cc) versions of the same engine as the Alfetta GT 1.6, Alfetta GT 1.8 and Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 2000. The GTV designation was initially reserved for the 2.0 litre top version. In 1979, some minor revisions, including a revised engine with new camshaft profiles and a change to mechanical-and-vacuum ignition advance, saw the 2.0 litre redesignated the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 2000L. Autodelta also produced a limited edition turbocharged model, named Turbodelta, for FIA Group 4 homologation. This version used a KKK turbo which pushed power up to 175 PS (129 kW). The car also received a modified suspension layout. In 1981, the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV received a restyling, with grey plastic bumpers and all matt-black trim replacing bright stainless steel, the 1.6 litre and 1.8 litre versions were discontinued and the Alfetta 2000 GTV became the base coupé model as the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 2.0. The Alfetta name was dropped, but the two-litre coupé retained its type designation of 11636 for left hand drive and 11637 for right hand drive. 15 inch alloy wheels were now standard, as opposed to the earlier cars' 14 inch pressed steel or optional 14 inch alloy. Later in the same year, the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 6, a version of the GTV with the SOHC V6 2.5 L engine from the Alfa Romeo Alfa 6 luxury sedan, was released. As a result the hood received a bulge to clear the top of the intake and became its most pronounced feature. With Bosch fuel injection instead of the six downdraught Dellorto carburettors in the early Alfa 6 installation, the V6 was much easier to start and retained its state of tune much better. The V6 received rave reviews from the motoring press, which had previously lambasted the same engine in the Alfa 6 because of the carburettor problems. It found its true home in the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 6 where it could stretch its legs better than in the less sporting Alfa 6 sedan, including winning the European Touring Car Championship an unprecedented four years in succession (1982-85), the British Touring Car Championship in 1983 at the hands of Andy Rouse, as well as many other racing and rallying competitions. The fuel injection installation eventually made it into the second series of the Alfa 6 as well. The Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV went through a number of revisions, including a new gear ratios and an updated interior in 1984. South African models were assembled in Fiat's Uitenhage plant. South Africa was one of two markets to have a turbocharged Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 6, with a Garrett turbocharger and a NACA intake. An estimated 750 were assembled before all production ceased in 1986. The South African market also introduced the 3.0 L GTV6, predating the international debut of the factory's 3.0 L engine in 1987. Approximately 200 were built in South Africa for racing homologation. To this day, the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 6 remains the quintessential Alfa Romeo for South Africans. Reeves Callaway, founder of Callaway Cars and famous for his various modifications of Chevrolet Camaros and Corvettes, modified about thirty GTV6s to Callaway Twin Turbo specification for Alfa Romeo Inc., the North American importer. Alfetta GT and GTV Racing Versions by Autodelta Racing versions of the Alfetta GT and GTV were built by Autodelta, initially with the normally aspirated engine from the earlier GTAm racer based on the 105 series coupe, for homologation under FIA Group 2. In this form they were rallied with moderate success in 1975, winning the Elba and Costa Brava rallies overall, as well as winning the Group 2 category in the World Rally Championship's Corsican event. The next year Autodelta shifted its focus to circuit racing the Alfettas, which won the under 2.5-liter Group 2 division of the European Touring Car Championship, scoring a remarkable second place overall at the 24 hour race at Spa-Francorchamps, as well as an overall win in the ETC race at Vallelunga. Despite such results, Autodelta's efforts with the Group 2 Alfetta were desultory, and ended prematurely. At a single rally at the end of the 1975 season, Autodelta also rallied an Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV with a 3.0 litre V8 engine, derived from the 2.6 litre V8 of the Alfa Romeo Montreal coupé and sharing the same mechanical fuel injection by Spica. It had been suggested to produce 400 roadgoing versions of this model for homologation but this plan was abandoned as well. In 1980 the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV Turbodelta was already homologated in FIA Group 4, since the required number of production cars had been built. A racing version was campaigned in rallies, but once more the effort was abandoned after a single season, despite scoring a win at the Danube Rally.
Introduced in 1974 as Alfa Romeo Alfetta GT, initially available only with the 1.8 litre (1779cc) version of the Alfa DOHC four. For 1976, with the final phasing out of the earlier 105 Series 1.3 and 1.6 litre coupes (GT 1300 Junior and GT 1600 Junior) and the 2.0 litre 105 series 2000 GTV, the Alfetta GT became a range, also available with the 1.6 litre and 2.0 litre versions of the same engine as the Alfetta GT 1.6, Alfetta GT 1.8 and Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 2000. The GTV designation was initially reserved for the 2.0 litre top version. In 1979, some minor revisions, including a revised engine with new camshaft profiles and a change to mechanical-and-vacuum ignition advance, saw the 2.0 litre redesignated the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 2000L. Autodelta also produced a limited edition turbocharged model, named Turbodelta, for FIA Group 4 homologation. This version used a KKK turbo which pushed power up to 175 PS . The car also received a modified suspension layout. In 1981, the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV received a restyling, with grey plastic bumpers and all matt-black trim replacing bright stainless steel, the 1.6 litre and 1.8 litre versions were discontinued and the Alfetta 2000 GTV became the base coupé model as the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 2.0. The Alfetta name was dropped, but the two-litre coupé retained its type designation of 11636 for left hand drive and 11637 for right hand drive. 15 inch alloy wheels were now standard, as opposed to the earlier cars' 14 inch pressed steel or optional 14 inch alloy. Later in the same year, the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 6, a version of the GTV with the SOHC V6 2.5 L engine from the Alfa Romeo Alfa 6 luxury sedan, was released. As a result the hood received a bulge to clear the top of the intake and became its most pronounced feature. With Bosch fuel injection instead of the six downdraught Dellorto carburettors in the early Alfa 6 installation, the V6 was much easier to start and retained its state of tune much better. The V6 received rave reviews from the motoring press, which had previously lambasted the same engine in the Alfa 6 because of the carburettor problems. It found its true home in the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 6 where it could stretch its legs better than in the less sporting Alfa 6 sedan, including winning the European Touring Car Championship an unprecedented four years in succession (1982-85), the British Touring Car Championship in 1983 at the hands of Andy Rouse, as well as many other racing and rallying competitions. The fuel injection installation eventually made it into the second series of the Alfa 6 as well. The Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV went through a number of revisions, including a new gear ratios and an updated interior in 1984. South African models were assembled in Fiat's Uitenhage plant. South Africa was one of two markets to have a turbocharged Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 6, with a Garrett turbocharger and a NACA intake. An estimated 750 were assembled before all production ceased in 1986. The South African market also introduced the 3.0 L GTV6, predating the international debut of the factory's 3.0 L engine in 1987. Approximately 200 were built in South Africa for racing homologation. To this day, the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV 6 remains the quintessential Alfa Romeo for South Africans. Reeves Callaway, founder of Callaway Cars and famous for his various modifications of Chevrolet Camaros and Corvettes, modified about thirty GTV6s to Callaway Twin Turbo specification for Alfa Romeo Inc., the North American importer. . Racing versions of the Alfetta GT and GTV were built by Autodelta, initially with the normally aspirated engine from the earlier GTAm racer based on the 105 series coupe, for homologation under FIA Group 2. In this form they were rallied with moderate success in 1975, winning the Elba and Costa Brava rallies overall, as well as winning the Group 2 category in the World Rally Championship's Corsican event. The next year Autodelta shifted its focus to circuit racing the Alfettas, which won the under 2.5-liter Group 2 division of the European Touring Car Championship, scoring a remarkable second place overall at the 24 hour race at Spa-Francorchamps, as well as an overall win in the ETC race at Vallelunga. Despite such results, Autodelta's efforts with the Group 2 Alfetta were desultory, and ended prematurely. At a single rally at the end of the 1975 season, Autodelta also rallied an Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV with a 3.0 litre V8 engine, derived from the 2.6 litre V8 of the Alfa Romeo Montreal coupé and sharing the same mechanical fuel injection by Spica. It had been suggested to produce 400 roadgoing versions of this model for homologation but this plan was abandoned as well. In 1980 the Alfa Romeo Alfetta GTV Turbodelta was already homologated in FIA Group 4, since the required number of production cars had been built. A racing version was campaigned in rallies, but once more the effort was abandoned after a single season, despite scoring a win at the Danube Rally.
